Caffeine is a naturally occurring stimulant that is found in coffee, tea, chocolate, and many other products. It can also be produced synthetically and added to certain products. The chemical name of caffeine is 1,3,7-trimethylxanthine, and its molecular formula is C8H10N4O2.
Caffeine belongs to a class of compounds known as methylxanthines, which also includes theophylline and theobromine. These compounds are naturally occurring alkaloids and are classified as purine derivatives.
Caffeine works by blocking the action of adenosine, a neurotransmitter that promotes sleep and suppresses arousal. By blocking adenosine, caffeine can increase arousal and alertness.
The amount of caffeine in different products can vary widely. Here are some common sources of caffeine and their approximate caffeine content:
- Coffee (8 oz): 95 mg
- Black tea (8 oz): 47 mg
- Green tea (8 oz): 28 mg
- Dark chocolate (1 oz): 23 mg
- Milk chocolate (1 oz): 6 mg
- Cola (12 oz): 34 mg
- Energy drinks (8 oz): 80-160 mg